Bending is a fundamental sheet metal fabrication process performed on a press brake. In this process, a metal sheet is subjected to pressure from an upper and lower die. The material initially undergoes elastic deformation, followed by plastic deformation.

During the initial stage of plastic bending, the sheet bends freely. As the upper die (or punch) continues to apply pressure, the sheet gradually presses against the inner surfaces of the lower die's V-shaped opening. Simultaneously, the bend's radius and force arm continuously decrease.

The process continues until the press brake's stroke ends, achieving full three-point contact between the upper die, the sheet, and the lower die. This completes a V-bend, the most common type of bend in the industry.

This method is essential for creating precise angles and shapes in components such as enclosures, brackets, and frames, making it a cornerstone of modern manufacturing.